Red-throated Loon — Length: 25 inches, Wing span: 36 inches
The smallest of the world’s five loon species, the Red-throated Loon is a high-arctic breeder but winters along the east and west coasts of North America. Migration usually takes place in small groups and at a low elevation above the water or land. Red-throated Loons propel themselves underwater with their feet.
One-fourth or more of Red-throated Loons may fail to breed in a given year, often due to inclement weather at their northern breeding latitudes. Once nesting, storms can cause water or ice to destroy nests. Red-throated Loons have been known to live over 23 years in the wild.
The Red-throated Loon is a small loon with a thin bill that is often held up at a slight angle.
Juveniles resemble winter adults.
Breeding plumage:
-Sexes similar.
-Reddish coloration on the lower part of the throat.
-Gray head.
-Brownish upperparts.
The red in the throat can be difficult to see when the bird is in flight or seen at a distance. Wing beats are strong and fast. Photograph © Glenn Bartley.
Compare this loon in full breeding plumage with the molting loon below. Photograph © Glenn Bartley.
Molting adult. Photograph © Greg Lavaty.
Winter birds have white throats and cheeks, and white markings on a dark back. The back is speckled with white. Adults in non-breeding plumage have white necks. Young birds have gray on the side of the neck. Greg Lavaty.
Young Red-throated Loon. Greg Lavaty.
Long, thin lines in flight. White belly and chest. Photograph © Glenn Bartley.
Loons are seldom seen on the ground. Note how far back on the body the feet are located. Photograph © Greg Lavaty.